The Aether has been discussed through all time of physics. Even Aristotle did extend the ancient four elements of fire, earth, air and water into a fifth bright element of Aether. It practically has been argued in physics all time since then. Newton, Maxwell, all great physicists has been so until Einstein did reject it by his Special Relativity papers in 1905. And still Einstein did re-invent the Aether in a speech in Leiden in 1920 within his space-time concept.
The Michelson-Morley experiment in 1889 is considered to be the most important experiment in the history of physics – and it did count out the Aether all the way from Aristotle. And Lorentz and Einstein were in 1904 and 1905 quick with papers and formulas to build the modern non-Aether physics.
The general Aether idea as discussed by the Newton epoch and forward to Michelson-Morley was based on Aether as medium for light propagation. Newton is not only famous for his gravitation formulas and theories. He did also conduct fundamental light experiments with prisms for to prove his own theory of that white light is made of light of within different colors. Of course, Newton also had ideas about the medium of light propagation, which he named to an Aethereal Medium. Light and Aether have during the history of physics been inseparable, for to be separated, and lately experienced a novel trend.
You can view one Aether theory of several such ideas in the page “Theory of Gravity” here at this site. -It reasons of a once existing Aether which has transformed into the present non-detectable- Aether originated Universe.
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